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Children born in summer do worse than children born in autumn or winter. Not every one of them of course, but on average the effect is strong and clear. Their grades are likely to be worse, they're less likely to go to grammar school and research indicates admission to Russell Group universities is lower too. It's also suggested they are more likely to be told they have behavioural problems or learning difficulties, and they are more likely to be bullied, more likely to be excluded. Claire Crawford, Assistant Professor of Economics at the University of Warwick, worked at the IFS on birth dates and educational attainment, and explains to Michael Blastland what's going on. First broadcast on Whodunnit?, 11 September 2017.