{\rtf1\ansi \deff57\deflang1033{\fonttbl{\f57\fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 Padarn;}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0; \red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\widctlpar \f57 \snext0 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive Default Paragraph Font;}{\s15\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306 \f57 \sbasedon0\snext15 footer;}{\*\cs16 \additive\sbasedon10 page number;}}{\info{\title WYTHNOS 63}{\author Âé¶¹Éç}{\operator Âé¶¹Éç} {\creatim\yr2000\mo7\dy26\hr15\min42}{\revtim\yr2001\mo1\dy18\hr14\min38}{\printim\yr2001\mo1\dy18\hr9\min52}{\version2}{\edmins1}{\nofpages6}{\nofwords923}{\nofchars5264}{\*\company Âé¶¹Éç}{\vern57395}}\paperw11880\paperh16820 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\pgnstart19\hyphhotz0\sprstsp\otblrul\brkfrm\sprstsm\truncex\nolead\msmcap\hyphcaps0\fracwidth \fet0\sectd \sbknone\pgnrestart\pgnstarts19\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx709\endnhere {\footer \pard\plain \s15\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\pvpara\phmrg\posxr\posy0 \f57 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs16 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs16\lang1024 19}}}{\cs16 \par }\pard \s15\ri360\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306 \par }{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5 \pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx3402 \f57 {\b \tab \tab \tab }{\b\ul GWERS 51}{\b \tab \tab \tab \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\b \par \par }{\b\ul CYFLWYNYDD:}{\b }{\b\ul BASIL DAVIES \par }{\b \par \par }\pard \ri-651\widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\b\ul NOD:}{\b Trefnu taith neu ddiwrnod o wyliau (arranging a journey or day out) \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab taith f\tab -\tab journey\tab diwrnod \tab - \tab day \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab noson f\tab - \tab night\tab gwesty f\tab - \tab hotel \par \pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab lle\tab - \tab place\tab llety\tab - accommodation, \tab \tab \tab gwely a \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab digs \par \pard \ri-360\widctlpar\tx720\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab brecwast\tab - \tab B & B\tab bwyd\tab -\tab food \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686 \tab \tab cyngerdd\tab - \tab concert\tab \par \par \pard \ri-1359\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab cychwyn\tab -\tab to start \tab aros \tab - \tab to stop, wait, stay \par \pard \ri-367\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab dechrau\tab - \tab to start\tab bwriadu\tab - \tab to intend to \par \pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab teithio\tab -\tab to travel\tab gadael\tab - \tab to leave\tab \par \tab \tab eisiau\tab - \tab to want\tab dychwelyd\tab - \tab to return\tab \tab \tab \tab prynu\tab - \tab to buy\tab dod yn {\cchs256 \'99}l\tab -\tab to come back \par \pard \ri-620\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab talu (am)\tab - \tab to pay (for)\tab dod adre(f)\tab - \tab to come home \par \pard \ri-651\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab stopio\tab - \tab to stop \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2835\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab am\tab -\tab at\tab erbyn\tab -\tab by \par \tab \tab cyn\tab -\tab before \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2835\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 \tab \tab dros nos\tab -\tab overnight\tab \par \tab \tab hir\tab -\tab long \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686 \tab \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \tab \tab \par {\b\ul RHAN 1}{\b \par \par \par }\pard \ri-1643\widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1160 {\b \tab 1.\tab }'{\b\ul bwriadu' }{\ul is followed }{\b\ul immediately}{\ul by a verb noun (i.e. there is no '}{\b\ul i}{\ul ' between them). \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab \lquote Dw i'n{\b bwriadu mynd} yn y car. \par \tab \tab - I {\b intend to go} (going) by car. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Maen nhw'n {\b bwriadu aros} dros nos. \par \tab \tab - They {\b intend to stay} (staying) overnight. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \tab \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Sut maen nhw\rquote n {\b bwriadu teithio}? \par \tab \tab - How do they {\b intend to travel}? \par \pard \ri-1076\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \par \tab 2.\tab {\ul We could use \lquote }{\b\ul mynd i}{\ul \rquote of course} \par \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Rydyn ni'n {\b mynd i} aros mewn lle gwely a brecwast.\tab \par \tab \tab - We\rquote re {\b going to} stay in a bed and breakfast place. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Ydych chi\rquote n {\b mynd i} aros dros nos? - Ydw. \par \tab \tab - Are you {\b going to} stay overnight? - Yes. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Maen nhw\rquote n {\b mynd i }deithio dros nos. \par \pard \ri-1076\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1276 \tab \tab \tab - They\rquote re {\b going to }travel overnight.\tab \par \tab \tab \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709 \tab 3.\tab {\ul '}{\b\ul noson}{\ul ' is a variation on '}{\b\ul nos'}{\ul and when we count, we tend to use }\tab \tab \tab {\b\ul 'noson'}{\ul . It is feminine - so we must use the feminine numbers. \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1260 \tab \tab \tab \par \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1260\tx1701 \tab \tab \tab \tab {\b dwy} noson\tab - \tab two nights \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1701 \tab \tab {\b tair} noson\tab \tab - \tab three nights \par \tab \tab {\b pedair} noson \tab - \tab four nights \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1701 \tab \tab \tab pum noson\tab - \tab five nights \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Rydyn ni'n bwriadu aros am {\b ddwy noson}. \par \tab \tab - We intend to stay (staying) for {\b two nights}. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1160 \tab 4.\tab {\ul You could use the '}{\b\ul would like to}{\ul ' pattern \par \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\ul \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1701 \tab \tab \tab Fe / Mi hoffwn i\tab \tab \tab Fe / Mi hoffen ni \par \tab \tab \tab Fe / Mi hoffet ti\tab \tab \tab Fe / Mi hoffech chi \par \tab \tab \tab Fe / Mi hoffai e(o) / hi\tab \tab Fe / Mi hoffen nhw \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Fe hoffwn i} aros mewn gwesty. \par \tab \tab - {\b I'd like to} stay in an hotel. \par \par \tab \tab {\b Fe hoffai'r plant} {\b f}ynd i garafan. \par \tab \tab - {\b The children would like to} go to a caravan. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1276 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Mi hoffen nhw b}rynu car. \par \tab \tab - {\b They\rquote d like to} buy a car. \par \par \par \tab You\rquote ll remember that \lquote {\b Fe}\rquote is used in front of the verb in South Wales, \tab and \lquote {\b Mi}\rquote in North Wales. These words have no translatable value - \tab they merely introduce a positive statement. \par \tab \par 5.\tab {\b\ul Sut?\tab \tab -\tab How?} \par {\b \par \par \tab \tab Sut} rydych chi'n bwriadu mynd / teithio?\tab \tab - {\b How }do you intend to go / travel? \par \par \tab \tab 'Dw i'n bwriadu mynd ar y tr{\cchs256 \'90}n / ar y bws / yn y car. \par \tab \tab - I intend to go on the train / on the bus / by car. \par \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1276 \tab 6.\tab {\b\ul Pryd?\tab \tab -\tab When?} \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Pryd} maen nhw'n bwriadu gadael / cychwyn? \par \tab \tab - {\b When} do they intend to leave / start? \par \par \tab \tab {\b Pryd} mae hi'n bwriadu cyrraedd? \par \tab \tab - {\b When} does she intend to arrive?\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \tab 7.\tab {\b\ul am\tab \tab - \tab at} [followed by a Soft Mutation] \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1985\tx2552\tx5387 \tab \tab \tab am {\b dd}au o'r gloch \tab - \tab at 2 o'clock \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1985\tx5387 \tab \tab \tab am hanner awr wedi deg\tab - \tab at 10.30 \par \tab \tab \tab am chwarter wedi dau\tab - \tab at 2.15 \par \tab \tab \tab am chwarter i dri\tab - \tab at 2.45 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab 'Dw i'n bwriadu gadael{\b am} {\b d}ri o'r gloch. \par \tab \tab - I intend to leave {\b at} three o'clock. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Mae hi'n bwriadu cyrraedd {\b am} {\b b}edwar o'r gloch. \par \tab \tab - She intends to arrive {\b at} four o'clock. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \tab 8.\tab {\b\ul erbyn \tab - \tab by} \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160\tx2127 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx2127 \tab \tab \tab erbyn un o'r gloch \tab \tab \tab - \tab by 1 o'clock \par \tab \tab \tab erbyn hanner awr wedi wyth \tab - \tab by 8.30 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab 'Dw i eisiau cyrraedd {\b erbyn} deg o'r cloch. \par \tab \tab - I want to arrive{\b by} ten o'clock. \par \par \tab \tab Maen nhw'n bwriadu cyrraedd {\b erbyn} tri. \par \tab \tab - They intend to arrive {\b by} three. \par \par \tab {\ul Notice: '}{\b\ul eisiau'}{\ul is the only verb in Welsh which does not need }{\b\ul 'yn'}{\ul in }\tab {\ul front of it.} \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \par \par \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \tab 9.\tab {\b\ul cyn \tab - before} \par \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx2127\tx5245 \tab \tab \tab cyn cinio\tab - \tab before lunch \par \tab \tab \tab cyn amser cinio\tab - \tab before lunchtime \par \tab \tab \tab cyn deuddeg o'r gloch\tab - \tab before 12.00 \par \tab \tab \tab cyn hanner awr wedi un \tab - \tab before 1.30 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab 'Dw i eisiau gadael {\b cyn} amser cinio. \par \tab \tab - I want to leave {\b before} lunchtime. \par \par \tab \tab Rydyn ni'n bwriadu cyrraedd {\b cyn} tri o'r gloch. \par \tab \tab - We intend to arrive {\b before} three o'clock. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \par {\b\ul RHAN 2} \par \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1160 \tab 1.\tab {\b\ul codi tocyn \tab - to buy a ticket} (Welsh idiom)\tab \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab It is perfectly acceptable to say \lquote {\b prynu tocyn}\rquote but the Welsh idiom is \tab \tab \lquote {\b codi tocyn}\rquote \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1160 \tab \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab \lquote Dw i eisiau {\b codi tocyn} i fynd i Gaer. \par \tab \tab - I want to {\b buy a ticket }to go to Chester. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \tab 2.\tab {\ul We'll revise the }{\b\ul 'must / have to'}{\ul pattern \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\ul \par \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1701 \tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid i fi (mi)\tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid i ni \par \tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid i ti\tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid i chi \par \tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid i John / Jane\tab \tab Mae rhaid iddyn nhw \par \tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid iddo fe (fo) \par \tab \tab \tab Mae rhaid iddi hi \par \pard \widctlpar\tx709\tx1160 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \par \tab {\ul There is a Soft Mutation after this pattern \par \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Mae rhaid i fi {\b f}ynd ar y tr{\cchs256 \'90}n.\tab \par \tab \tab - I must go on the train / by train \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Mae rhaid iddi hi {\b a}dael cyn cinio. \par \tab \tab - She must leave before lunch. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Mae rhaid i ti {\b g}odi tocyn cyn amser te heddiw. \par \tab \tab - You must buy a ticket before teatime today. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \tab 3.\tab {\ul Do you remember the nights of the week?} \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \tab \tab \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1701 \tab \tab \tab Nos Sul \tab \tab \tab Nos {\b L}un \par \tab \tab \tab Nos {\b F}awrth\tab \tab Nos {\b F}ercher \par \tab \tab \tab Nos Iau\tab \tab \tab Nos {\b W}ener \par \tab \tab \tab Nos Sadwrn \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \tab \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab Mae rhaid i ni ddod adre' {\b nos Wener}. \par \tab \tab - We must come home {\b (on) Friday night}. \par \par \tab \tab Mae rhaid iddo fe (fo) fynd yn {\cchs256 \'99}l cyn{\b nos Fercher}. \par \tab \tab - He must go back before{\b Wednesday night}. \par \par \tab \tab Mae rhaid i John gyrraedd erbyn {\b nos Lun}. \par \tab \tab - John must arrive by {\b Monday night}. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1276 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1160 \tab 4.\tab {\ul Look at these three sentences} \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par {\ul \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Mae'r} bwyd yn dda. \par \tab \tab - The food {\b is} good. \par \par \tab \tab {\b Roedd }y bwyd yn dda. \par \tab \tab - The food {\b was} good. \par \par \tab \tab {\b Fe fydd} y bwyd yn dda. \par \tab \tab - The food {\b will be }good. \par \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx709\tx1160 \tab {\ul This is our first look at the }{\b\ul Future Tense. \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160\tx1985 \tab \tab \tab Mae\tab \tab - \tab is \par \tab \tab \tab Roedd\tab \tab - \tab was \par \tab \tab \tab {\b Fe / Mi fydd\tab - \tab will be \par \tab \par \tab }{\ul Let's use this new tense \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\ul \par } \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Fe fydd }y tr{\cchs256 \'90}n yn gadael am saith o'r gloch. \par \tab \tab - The train {\b will be} leaving at 7 o'clock \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Fe fydd} y bws yn cyrraedd am bum munud i naw. \par \tab \tab - The bus {\b will} {\b be} arriving at five to nine. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Mi fydd }y tr{\cchs256 \'90}n yn stopio (aros) yn Amwythig. \par \tab \tab - The train {\b will} {\b be} stopping in / at Shrewsbury. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab {\b \tab Fe fydd} y gwesty'n dda. \par \tab \tab - The hotel {\b will be} good. \par \par \tab \tab {\b Mi fydd }llawer o bobl yn y gwesty. \par \tab \tab - There {\b will be} many people in the hotel. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Fe fydd }y tr{\cchs256 \'90}n yng Nghaerdydd erbyn dau o'r gloch. \par \tab \tab - The train {\b will be} in Cardiff by two o'clock. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Fe fydd} y plant yn y ty / yr ysgol. \par \tab \tab - The children {\b will be} in the house / school. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 \tab \tab {\b Fe fydd} y daith yn hir. \par \tab \tab - The journey {\b will be} long. \par \pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 \par \par \pard \widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1160 \tab 5.\tab {\b\ul Ble bydd . . .? \tab - \tab Where will . . . be?}{\b \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\b \par \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1276 {\b \tab \tab Ble bydd} y plant? \par \tab \tab - (Fe fydd y plant) yn y gwely. \par \par \tab \tab {\b Ble bydd} y g{\cchs256 \'90}m? \par \tab \tab - (Fe fydd y g{\cchs256 \'90}m) yn Abertawe. \par \par \tab \tab {\b Ble bydd} y pantomeim? \par \tab \tab - (Fe fydd y pantomeim) yn y Theatr Newydd.{\b \par }\pard \widctlpar\tx720\tx1160 {\b \par \tab \tab \tab \par } \par {\b\ul \par } \par \par \tab \par \par \tab \par \par \tab \tab \par \par \par \tab \par \tab \tab \par \par \tab \par \tab \par \tab \par \par }