{\rtf1\ansi \deff4\deflang1033{\fonttbl{\f4\froman\fcharset0\fprq2 Times New Roman;}{\f85\fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 Padarn;}}{\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0; \red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0;\red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128; \red192\green192\blue192;}{\stylesheet{\widctlpar \f4\fs20 \snext0 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive Default Paragraph Font;}{\s15\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306 \f4\fs20 \sbasedon0\snext15 footer;}{\*\cs16 \additive\sbasedon10 page number;}{ \s17\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306 \f4\fs20 \sbasedon0\snext17 header;}}{\info{\title \'09GWERS 61}{\author Âé¶¹Éç}{\operator Âé¶¹Éç}{\creatim\yr2000\mo9\dy21\hr11\min46}{\revtim\yr2001\mo6\dy26\hr10\min47}{\printim\yr2001\mo1\dy17\hr15\min5}{\version10} {\edmins45}{\nofpages6}{\nofwords900}{\nofchars5135}{\*\company Âé¶¹Éç}{\vern57395}}\paperw11906\paperh16838 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\pgnstart7\formshade \fet0\sectd \pgnrestart\pgnstarts7\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx709\endnhere {\footer \pard\plain \s15\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\pvpara\phmrg\posxr\posy0 \f4\fs20 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs16\fs24 PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\cs16\fs24\lang1024 7}}}{\cs16\fs24 \par }\pard \s15\ri360\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306 \par }{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5 \pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \nowidctlpar\tx3402 \f4\fs20 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul GWERS 61}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx567 {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\b\f85\fs24\ul CYFLWYNYDD:}{\b\f85\fs24 }{\b\f85\fs24\ul CENNARD DAVIES}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }{\b\f85\fs24\ul NOD}{\f85\fs24 :\tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Siarad am ddiddordebau (Talking about interests)}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx567 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul Geirfa}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \ri-625\nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab diddordeb(au)\tab -\tab interest(s)\tab chwaraeon\tab -\tab sport, games \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab rygbi\tab -\tab rugby\tab p\'eal-droed\tab -\tab soccer \par \tab hoci\tab -\tab hockey\tab p\'eal-rwyd\tab -\tab netball \par \tab criced\tab -\tab cricket\tab g\'eam(au) f\tab -\tab game(s) \par \tab stamp(iau)\tab -\tab stamp(s)\tab dol(iau) f\tab -\tab doll(s) \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab darlun(iau)\tab -\tab painting(s\tab llestri\tab -\tab china, crockery \par }\pard \ri-1475\nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab llyfr(au)\tab -\tab book(s) \tab gwaith coed\tab -\tab carpentry, woodwork\tab crefft(au) f\tab -\tab craft(s)\tab tynnu lluniau- \tab photography \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab casglu\tab -\tab to collect \tab rhedeg\tab -\tab to run \par \tab gwnio\tab -\tab to sew\tab gwau \tab - \tab to knit \par \tab arlunio\tab -\tab to paint\tab coginio\tab -\tab to cook \par }\pard \ri-908\nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab teithio\tab -\tab to travel \tab eisiau\tab -\tab to need patience \tab cymryd amser \tab - \tab to take time amynedd \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab \par }\pard \ri-1192\nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab diddorol\tab -\tab interesting\tab anniddorol\tab -\tab boring, uninteresting \par }\pard \ri-483\nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab hawdd\tab -\tab easy\tab anodd\tab -\tab hard, difficult \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab rhad\tab -\tab cheap\tab drud\tab -\tab expensive \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\fs24 \tab o gwbl\tab -\tab at all \tab Pa?\tab -\tab Which? \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab hen bethau\tab \tab \tab \tab -\tab antiques \par \tab hen gelfi\tab \tab \tab \tab -\tab old / antique furniture \par \tab hen ddodrefn (N.W.)\tab \tab \tab - \tab old / antique furniture \par \tab hen lyfrau\tab \tab \tab \tab -\tab old / antique books \par \tab hen ddoliau\tab \tab \tab \tab -\tab old / antique dolls \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \par \par \tab \par \par \par \par \par \par \par \par }{\b\f85\fs24\ul RHAN 1}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \ri-908\nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 1.\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul In English we tend to ask whether someone }{\b\f85\fs24\ul is interested in}{\f85\fs24\ul something or}{\f85\fs24 \tab \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul other. But in Welsh, we ask whether someone }{\b\f85\fs24\ul has an interest in}{\f85\fs24\ul something}{\f85\fs24 . \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab This means we need to revise the }{\b\f85\fs24 possession}{\f85\fs24 forms \par \par \par \tab \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul S.W. (\lquote da}{\f85\fs24 )\tab \tab \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul N.W. (gan)}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par \tab \tab \lquote da fi\tab \tab \lquote da ni\tab \tab \tab gen i\tab \tab gynnon ni \par \tab \tab \lquote da ti\tab \tab \lquote da chi\tab \tab \tab gen ti\tab \tab gynnoch chi \par }\pard \fi720\li720\nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \lquote da fe\tab \tab \lquote da nhw\tab \tab ganddo fo\tab ganddyn nhw \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab \lquote da hi\tab \tab \tab \tab \tab ganddi hi \par \par \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 2.\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul The word used to convey an interest in something is \lquote }{\b\f85\fs24\ul mewn}{\f85\fs24\ul \rquote (never \lquote yn\rquote )}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Oes diddordeb \lquote da ti }{\b\f85\fs24 mewn}{\f85\fs24 chwaraeon? - Oes! \par \tab - Are you interested }{\b\f85\fs24 in}{\f85\fs24 sport? - Yes! \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Oes diddordeb \lquote da Mary }{\b\f85\fs24 mewn}{\f85\fs24 rygbi? - Nac oes! \par \tab - Is Mary interested }{\b\f85\fs24 in}{\f85\fs24 rugby? - No! \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \par }\pard \ri-625\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Oes diddordeb \lquote da chi }{\b\f85\fs24 mewn}{\f85\fs24 casglu stampiau / llestri / llyfrau? - Oes! \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab - Are you interested }{\b\f85\fs24 in}{\f85\fs24 collecting stamps /porcelain /books?\tab - Yes! \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul In North Wales, of course, you'd hear:}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Oes gen ti}{\f85\fs24 }{\b\f85\fs24 dd}{\f85\fs24 iddordeb }{\b\f85\fs24 mewn}{\f85\fs24 chwaraeon? - Oes! \par \tab - Are you interested }{\b\f85\fs24 in}{\f85\fs24 sport? - Yes! \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Oes gan Mary dd}{\f85\fs24 iddordeb }{\b\f85\fs24 mewn}{\f85\fs24 rygbi?\tab - Nac oes! \par \tab - Is Mary interested }{\b\f85\fs24 in}{\f85\fs24 rugby? - No! \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \par }\pard \ri-1475\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Oes gynnoch chi dd}{\f85\fs24 iddordeb }{\b\f85\fs24 mewn}{\f85\fs24 casglu stampiau / llestri / llyfrau? - Oes! \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab - Are you interested }{\b\f85\fs24 in}{\f85\fs24 collecting stamps / porcelain / books?\tab - Yes! \par \par \par \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 3.\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul Pa? - Which? (What?)}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \ri-625\nowidctlpar\tx709\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab It causes a Soft Mutation in the word which follows it - but not in borrowed \tab words such as \lquote g\'eam\rquote . \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276\tx1701 {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab Pa g\'eam?\tab \tab \tab -\tab Which game?\tab \par \tab \tab Pa }{\b\f85\fs24 d}{\f85\fs24 im p\'eal droed?\tab -\tab Which soccer team? \par \tab \tab Pa }{\b\f85\fs24 dd}{\f85\fs24 iddordeb?\tab \tab -\tab Which interest? \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284\tx709 {\f85\fs24 \tab 4.\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul \tab If you wish to say that you }{\b\f85\fs24\ul were}{\f85\fs24\ul interested, you\rquote d say}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \ri-1192\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Roedd}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb \lquote da fi mewn casglu stampiau, pan oeddwn i\rquote n ifanc. \par }\pard \ri-1050\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Roedd }{\f85\fs24 gen i ddiddordeb mewn casglu stampiau, pan o\rquote n i\rquote n ifanc. \par \tab - I }{\b\f85\fs24 was}{\f85\fs24 interested in collecting stamps, when I was young. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \ri-1192\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Oedd}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb \lquote da nhw mewn casglu llyfrau? - }{\b\f85\fs24 Oedd}{\f85\fs24 ! \par }\pard \ri-1050\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Oedd}{\f85\fs24 ganddyn nhw ddiddordeb mewn casglu llyfrau? - }{\b\f85\fs24 Oedd}{\f85\fs24 ! \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab - }{\b\f85\fs24 Were}{\f85\fs24 they interested in collecting books? - }{\b\f85\fs24 Yes}{\f85\fs24 ! \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284\tx709 {\f85\fs24 \tab 5.\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul hen\tab - old, antique}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx709 {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab As you know, adjectives normally FOLLOW the noun in Welsh. \tab \par }\pard \ri-625\nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab However \lquote }{\b\f85\fs24 hen}{\f85\fs24 \rquote is one of very few exceptions to this rule. It comes }{\b\f85\fs24 in front}{\f85\fs24 of \tab the noun and causes a Soft Mutation \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1701 {\f85\fs24 \tab hen }{\b\f85\fs24 l}{\f85\fs24 yfrau\tab \tab -\tab antique books \par \tab hen }{\b\f85\fs24 dd}{\f85\fs24 ol\tab \tab -\tab an antique doll / an old doll \par \tab hen }{\b\f85\fs24 b}{\f85\fs24 ethau\tab -\tab antiques \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Mae diddordeb \lquote da ni mewn casglu }{\b\f85\fs24 hen gardiau post}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab Mae gynnon ni ddiddordeb mewn casglu }{\b\f85\fs24 hen gardiau post}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab - We\rquote re interested in collecting }{\b\f85\fs24 old post cards}{\f85\fs24 . \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \par \par \par \par \par \par }{\b\f85\fs24\ul RHAN 2}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 1.\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul Negative statements}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab (a)\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul Present Tense}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab \tab \tab \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Does dim}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb \lquote da nhw mewn crefftau. \par \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Does}{\f85\fs24 ganddyn nhw }{\b\f85\fs24 ddim}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb mewn crefftau. \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab - They }{\b\f85\fs24 have}{\f85\fs24 no interest in crafts. / They aren\rquote t interested in crafts. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \tab \tab \par \tab (b)\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul Imperfect}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Doedd dim}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb \lquote da fe mewn gwaith coed. \par \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Doedd}{\f85\fs24 ganddo fo }{\b\f85\fs24 ddim}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb mewn gwaith coed. \par }\pard \ri-1192\nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab - He }{\b\f85\fs24 had}{\f85\fs24 no interest in carpentry / He wasn\rquote t interested in carpentry. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab 2.\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul To convey \lquote }{\b\f85\fs24\ul used to be}{\f85\fs24\ul \rquote you'd say}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Roedd }{\b\f85\fs24 arfer bod}{\f85\fs24 diddordeb 'da Mary mewn casglu llestri. \par \tab - Mary }{\b\f85\fs24 used to be}{\f85\fs24 interested in collecting china. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Doedd dim diddordeb }{\b\f85\fs24 yn arfer bod}{\f85\fs24 \lquote da fi mewn casglu llyfrau. \par \tab - I didn\rquote t }{\b\f85\fs24 used to be}{\f85\fs24 interested in collecting old / antique books. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 3.\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul o gwbl - at all, whatsoever}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx709 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul The position of '}{\b\f85\fs24\ul o gwbl}{\f85\fs24\ul ' in the sentence can vary - just as the position}{\f85\fs24 \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul of \lquote }{\b\f85\fs24\ul at all / whatsoever}{ \f85\fs24\ul \rquote can vary in English}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Does dim diddordeb }{\b\f85\fs24 o gwbl}{\f85\fs24 \lquote da hi mewn coginio. \par \tab Does dim diddordeb \lquote da hi }{\b\f85\fs24 o gwbl}{\f85\fs24 mewn coginio. \par \tab Does dim diddordeb \lquote da hi mewn coginio }{\b\f85\fs24 o gwbl}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab - She\rquote s not }{\b\f85\fs24 at all}{\f85\fs24 interested in cooking. \par \tab - She has no interest }{\b\f85\fs24 at all}{\f85\fs24 / }{\b\f85\fs24 whatsoever}{\f85\fs24 in cooking. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Doedd dim diddordeb \lquote da nhw }{\b\f85\fs24 o gwbl}{\f85\fs24 mewn teithio. \par \tab - They had no interest }{\b\f85\fs24 at all / whatsoever}{\f85\fs24 in travelling. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Does dim diddordeb 'da fi mewn rygbi }{\b\f85\fs24 o gwbl}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab - I'm not }{\b\f85\fs24 at all}{\f85\fs24 interested in rugby. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 4.\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul Let\rquote s revise}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab (a)\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul yn hoff (iawn) o . . . - (very) fond of . . .}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par \tab \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul Remember the Soft Mutation after }{\b\f85\fs24\ul \lquote o\rquote }{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab \lquote Dw }{\b\f85\fs24 i\rquote n hoff iawn}{\f85\fs24 o }{\b\f85\fs24 w}{\f85\fs24 au. \par \tab - I\rquote m }{\b\f85\fs24 very fond of}{\f85\fs24 knitting. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab Mae Basil }{\b\f85\fs24 yn hoff o}{\f85\fs24 chwarae tenis. \par \tab - Basil is }{\b\f85\fs24 fond of}{\f85\fs24 playing tennis. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab \tab \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx709\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab \tab Dydyn nhw ddim }{\b\f85\fs24 yn hoff o d}{\f85\fs24 eithio. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab - They\rquote re not }{\b\f85\fs24 fond of}{\f85\fs24 travelling. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab Roedd e(o)}{\b\f85\fs24 \rquote n hoff iawn o}{\f85\fs24 chwaraeon. \par \tab - He was }{\b\f85\fs24 very fond of}{\f85\fs24 sport. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx709 {\f85\fs24 \tab (b)\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul yn gas \lquote da fi (gen i) etc - . . . hate, loathe . . .}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul The object of our hate or loathing undergoes a Soft Mutation}{\f85\fs24 \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Mae\rquote n gas \lquote da fi (gen i) g}{\f85\fs24 riced. \par \tab - I}{\b\f85\fs24 hate}{\f85\fs24 cricket. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Mae\rquote n gas \lquote da ni (gynnon ni)}{\f85\fs24 hedfan. \par \tab - }{\b\f85\fs24 We hate}{\f85\fs24 flying. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1985 {\f85\fs24 \tab }{\b\f85\fs24 Roedd yn gas \lquote da Tom (gan Tom) w}{\f85\fs24 aith coed. \par \tab - }{\b\f85\fs24 Tom hated}{\f85\fs24 woodwork. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \par \par \par }\pard \ri-483\nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 5.\tab }{\f85\fs24\ul Notice how we can use a verb noun in both the above patterns, whereas}{\f85\fs24 \tab \tab \tab }{\f85\fs24\ul in English we add the ending }{\b\f85\fs24\ul --ing}{\f85\fs24\ul to our verbs}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab \lquote Dw i\rquote n hoff iawn o }{\b\f85\fs24 wau}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab - I\rquote m very fond of }{\b\f85\fs24 knitting}{\f85\fs24 . \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \tab \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Dydyn nhw ddim yn hoff o }{\b\f85\fs24 deithio}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab - They\rquote re not fond of }{\b\f85\fs24 travelling}{\f85\fs24 . \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Mae\rquote n gas \lquote da ni (gynnon ni ) }{\b\f85\fs24 hedfan}{\f85\fs24 . \par \tab - We hate }{\b\f85\fs24 flying}{\f85\fs24 . \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 6.\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul achos\tab \tab -\tab because}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \ri-766\nowidctlpar\tx709 {\f85\fs24 \tab Remember to use \lquote yn\rquote in front of adjectives (remembering the Soft Mutation) \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \tab \tab \'85\'85.achos mae e\rquote }{\b\f85\fs24 n dd}{\f85\fs24 rud\tab \tab \par \tab \tab \'85\'85.because it\rquote s expensive \par \par \tab \tab \'85\'85.achos mae gwnio\rquote }{\b\f85\fs24 n dd}{\f85\fs24 iddorol iawn \par \tab \tab \'85\'85.because sewing is very interesting \par \par \tab \tab \'85\'85.achos roedd Bill }{\b\f85\fs24 yn g}{\f85\fs24 ynnar \par \tab \tab \'85\'85.because Bill was early \par \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx284 {\f85\fs24 \tab 7.\tab }{\b\f85\fs24\ul Learn these:}{\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Mae rhaid cymryd amser. \par \tab - One must take time. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Mae eisiau cymryd amser. \par \tab - One needs to take time. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par }\pard \nowidctlpar\tx1276 {\f85\fs24 \tab Mae eisiau amynedd. \par \tab - One needs patience. \par }\pard \nowidctlpar {\f85\fs24 \par \par \par \par }}