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{\info{\title Wythnos 82}{\author Â鶹Éç}{\operator Â鶹Éç}{\creatim\yr2000\mo10\dy2\hr14\min28}{\revtim\yr2001\mo6\dy26\hr10\min46}{\printim\yr2001\mo1\dy17\hr15\min44}{\version7}{\edmins85}{\nofpages6}{\nofwords782}{\nofchars4459}{\*\company Â鶹Éç}{\vern57395}}
\paperw11900\paperh16840 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\pgnstart37\hyphhotz0\sprstsp\otblrul\brkfrm\sprstsm\truncex\nolead\msmcap\hyphcaps0 \fet0\sectd \sbknone\pgnrestart\pgnstarts37\linex0\headery709\footery709\colsx709\endnhere {\footer \pard\plain 
\s15\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\pvpara\phmrg\posxr\posy0 \f12 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs16\cchs0 PAGE  }}{\fldrslt {\cs16\lang1024\cchs0 37}}}{\cs16\cchs0 
\par }\pard \s15\ri360\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306 {\cchs0 
\par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta )}}
{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8
\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \widctlpar\tx3402 \f12 {\b\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 GWERS 66}{\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\b\f85 \tab \tab \tab }{\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-360\widctlpar {\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\b\f85\ul CYFLWYNYDD:}{\b\f85   }{\b\f85\cchs0   }{\b\f85  }{\b\f85\ul CENNARD DAVIES}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\b\f85 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\b\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-489\widctlpar {\b\f85\ul NOD:}{\b\f85 \tab }{\b\f85\cchs0    Mwy o frawddegau negyddol yn y Gorffennol  (More negative sentences 
\par }\pard \li720\ri-489\widctlpar {\b\f85\cchs0    in the Past Tense  -  concentrating on definite objects)}{\f85 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\f85 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-440\widctlpar\tx709\tx1340 {\f85 \tab }{\f85\ul Geirfa}{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-440\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340 {\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85 \tab \tab atgoffa\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab to remind}{\f85\cchs0  \tab \tab }{\f85 achub\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab to save\tab }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab arwyddo\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab to sign\tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab     }{\f85 (a life/possessions)     
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85 \tab \tab symud\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab to move\tab   \tab }{\f85 ysgrifennu\tab -\tab to write
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85 \tab \tab anfon\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab to send\tab }{\f85 ateb\tab -\tab to answer
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx5103\tx5400\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 clywed\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab to hear\tab poeni\tab -\tab to tease}{\f85\cchs0 , }{\f85 
to worry
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85 \tab \tab tynnu\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab to pull\tab \tab ffonio\tab -\tab to telephone\tab \tab 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 gweld\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab to see
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab newydd\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 new
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85 \tab \tab llais\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab voice\tab gwallt\tab -\tab hair
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85 \tab \tab ysbyty\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab hospital\tab  \tab }{\f85 prifathro\tab -\tab headmaster
\par \tab \tab llythyr(au)\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab letter(s)\tab     }{\f85 ffurflen(ni)}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 f }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab form(s)
\par \tab \tab nodyn\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab note\tab     }{\f85 nodion\tab -\tab notes
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx2977\tx3686\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab papur\tab \tab -\tab paper\tab bara\tab -\tab bread
\par \tab \tab pen\tab \tab -\tab head\tab gwely\tab -\tab bed
\par \tab \tab brawd\tab \tab -\tab brother\tab dwylo\tab -\tab hands
\par \tab \tab llaw  f\tab \tab -\tab hand\tab rhaw  f\tab -\tab spade
\par \tab \tab chwaer  f\tab \tab -\tab sister
\par 
\par }{\f85 \tab \tab i\tab -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab to (a place)\tab }{\f85 at\tab -\tab to (a person)\tab 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx4860\tx5103\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 fy       }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab my\tab \tab dy\tab }{\f85 -       your
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2977\tx3060\tx3686\tx5103\tx5400\tx6521\tx7088 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 ei\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab his }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab 
her
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab }{\b\f85  
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 RHAN 1}{\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 1.\tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 In the last lesson}{\f85\ul , we looked at how to make negative statements with  }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab \tab \tab }{
\b\f85\ul\cchs0 indefinite }{\b\f85\ul objects}{\f85\ul .  The patters was quite straightforward }{\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Ddarllenais i ddim }{\b\f85 papur.\tab }{\b\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 - }{\f85 I didn't read }{\b\f85 a paper}{\f85 .}{\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab }{\f85 Phrynodd hi ddim }{\b\f85 bara.}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab - }{\f85 She didn't buy }{\b\f85 bread}{\f85 .}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab \tab Welon ni ddim }{\b\f85 ffilm.\tab }{\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab - }{\f85 We didn't see}{\b\f85  a film.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 \tab 2.\tab }{\f85\ul When the object of the verb is }{\b\f85\ul definite}{\f85\ul , we must use a slightly different 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx709\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul pattern.  We change }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul ddim}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul  to }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul mo}{
\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul .
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul Let's }{\f85\ul\cchs0 begin by using}{\f85\ul  proper nouns as our definite objects}{\f85 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Atgoffais i }{\b\f85 mo Dewi.}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab - I didn't remind }{\b\f85 Dewi}{\f85 .
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Symudon nhw }{\b\f85\cchs0 mo Bethan}{\f85  i'r ysbyty.
\par \tab \tab - They didn't move }{\b\f85\cchs0 Bethan}{\f85  to the hospital.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Anfonodd e }{\b\f85 mo Alun}{\f85  at y prifathro.
\par \tab \tab - He didn't send }{\b\f85 Alun}{\f85  to the headmaster.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 3.\tab }{\f85\ul When the definite object is a common noun we use }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul mo'r}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul 
 of course.}{\f85\ul\cchs0  In English,
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 we use \lquote }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 the}{\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote  in front of our definite nouns}{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Anfonais i }{\b\f85 mo'r}{\f85  llythyr.\tab }{\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab - }{\f85 I didn't send }{\b\f85 the}{\f85  letter.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab \tab Arwyddodd e }{\b\f85 mo'r}{\f85  ffurflen.\tab }{\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab - }{\f85 He didn't sign }{\b\f85 the}{\f85  form.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab \tab Atebon nhw }{\b\f85 mo'r}{\f85  nodyn.\tab }{\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab - }{\f85 They didn't answer }{\b\f85 the }{\f85 note.}{\b\f85 \tab }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\scaps\f85\ul H}{\f85\ul ow would you say?
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab He didn't send }{\b\f85 the note}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab She didn't answer }{\b\f85 Tom}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab We didn't answer }{\b\f85 the letter}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab Mary didn't sign }{\b\f85 the form}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab They didn't remind }{\b\f85 Jane}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab We didn't write }{\b\f85 the note}{\f85  yesterday.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab 4.\tab }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 fy   (+ Nasal Mutation)   -      }{\b\f85\ul my}{\f85 \tab \tab }{\b\f85\ul dy}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0   }{\b\f85\ul (+ Soft Mutation)}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0     -    }{\b\f85\ul your}{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab \tab 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab \tab               }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 my}{\b\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab   }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 your}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx1701\tx2160\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 cap         }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab fy }{\b\f85 ngh}{\f85 ap\tab }{\f85\cchs0 
\tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 g}{\f85 ap
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx1701\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 pen\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy }{\b\f85 mh}{\f85 en\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{
\f85 dy }{\b\f85 b}{\f85 en
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 tad\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy }{\b\f85 nh}{\f85 ad\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 d}{\f85 ad
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 gwely\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy }{\b\f85 ng}{\f85 wely\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy  }{\b\f85 _}{\f85 wely
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 brawd\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy }{\b\f85 m}{\f85 rawd\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 f}{\f85 rawd
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dwylo\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy }{\b\f85 n}{\f85 wylo\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 dd}{\f85 wylo
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 llaw\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy llaw\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 l}{\f85 aw
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 rhaw}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy rhaw\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 r}{\f85 aw
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 mam}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 fy mam\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 dy }{\b\f85 f}{\f85 am
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 5.\tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 The}{\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote  can often be replaced by possesives  (\lquote }{
\b\f85\ul\cchs0 my, your}{\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote  etc) in front of definite }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab \tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 nouns. So, in Welsh w}{\f85\ul e use }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul mo}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul\cchs0  and not}{\f85\ul  
}{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul ddim}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul  in front of possessives }{\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85\ul i.e. }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul mo fy /  mo dy}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\b\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab }{\f85 Achubodd e }{\b\f85 mo fy}{\f85  mrawd}{\f85\cchs0  .}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab - He didn't save }{\b\f85 my}{\f85  brother.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par \tab \tab }{\f85 Symudon nhw}{\b\f85  mo dy}{\f85  dad}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab - They didn't move }{\b\f85 your}{\f85  father.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 We can use appropriate pronouns after the noun to confirm the possessive, but }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 they can be omitted
\par 
\par }{\b\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Achubodd e mo}{\b\f85  fy}{\f85  mrawd}{\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85\cchs0 (i).}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab - He didn't save }{\b\f85 my}{\f85  brother.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab \tab Symudon nhw}{\b\f85  }{\f85 mo}{\b\f85  dy}{\f85  dad}{\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85\cchs0 (di)}{\b\f85 .}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab - They didn't move }{\b\f85 your}{\f85  father.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx709\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul How would you say?
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab They didn't send }{\b\f85 my brother}{\f85  to the hospital.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab He didn't see }{\b\f85 your father.}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab I didn't remind }{\b\f85 my mother.
\par \tab \tab }{\f85 The teacher didn't move}{\b\f85  my sister.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 RHAN 2}{\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 1.\tab }{\f85\ul Remember that verbs beginning with }{\b\f85\ul C P }{\f85\ul or }{\b\f85\ul T}{\f85\ul  will undergo an Aspirate
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul Muta}{\f85\ul\cchs0 tion in the Past Tense negative}{\f85\ul 
\par }{\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx1701\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 c}{\f85 lywed\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 Ch}{\f85 lywais i ddim}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 /}{\f85\cchs0  }
{\f85 mo......
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 p}{\f85 oeni}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 Ph}{\f85 oenodd hi ddim}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 /}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 mo......
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 t}{\f85 ynnu\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 Th}{\f85 yn}{\f85\cchs0 n}{\f85 aist ti ddim}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 /}{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 mo......
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 \tab 2.\tab }{\b\f85\ul ei}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0    }{\b\f85\ul (followed by a Soft Mutation)\tab }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \tab -         }{\b\f85\ul 
his}{\b\f85  
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85\ul ei}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0    }{\b\f85\ul (followed by an Aspirate Mutation)}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \tab -         }{\b\f85\ul her}{\b\f85  

\par }{\b\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab \tab    }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 his}{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab    }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 her
\par }{\b\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1701\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85 \tab \tab }{\f85 cap\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 g}{\f85 ap}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab 
}{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 ch}{\f85 ap}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85  
\par \tab \tab pen\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 b}{\f85 en}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 ph}{\f85 en}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab tad\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 d}{\f85 ad}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 th}{\f85 ad}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab gwely\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 _}{\f85 wely}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab ei gwely}{\f85\cchs0  hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab brawd\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 f}{\f85 rawd}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei brawd}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab dwylo\tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 dd}{\f85 wylo}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab ei dwylo}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab llaw\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 l}{\f85 aw}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei llaw}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab rhaw\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 r}{\f85 aw}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei rhaw}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab mawr}{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 \tab -\tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei }{\b\f85 f}{\f85 am}{\f85\cchs0  (e/o)}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 ei mam}{\f85\cchs0  (hi)}{\f85 \tab 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 3.\tab }{\f85\ul Again, we}{\f85\ul\cchs0  use}{\f85\ul  }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul mo}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul 
 and not}{\b\f85\ul  }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul ddim}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul  in front of }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul ei}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul\cchs0 .
\par 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab 
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 Because of the 3 vowels, we }{\f85\ul can abbreviate}{\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2268\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2268\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab \tab }{\b\f85 mo ei\tab \tab >       mo'i
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\b\f85 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul With many words, the mu}{\f85\ul\cchs0 tation will tell us whether the }{\b\f85\ul '}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 e}{\b\f85\ul i}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote  }{\f85\ul\cchs0 (or the abbreviated}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0  }{\b\f85\cchs0 \tab }{
\f85\ul\cchs0 form }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote i}{\f85\ul\cchs0 )}{\f85\ul  conveys}{\b\f85\ul  }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul his}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul\cchs0  or \lquote }{\b\f85\ul her}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul 
.  But we can also add }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul e (o)}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\b\f85\ul  }{\f85\ul or}{\b\f85\ul  }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul hi}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul  as confirmation.}{\f85 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Chlywais i }{\b\f85 mo'i l}{\f85 ais }{\b\f85 (e)}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab - I didn't hear}{\b\f85  his}{\f85  voice.
\par \tab \tab Chlywais i }{\b\f85 mo'i ll}{\f85 ais }{\b\f85 (hi)}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab - I didn't hear }{\b\f85 her}{\f85  voice.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par \tab \tab }{\f85 Thynnodd Dewi }{\b\f85 mo'i w}{\f85 allt}{\b\f85  (e)}{\f85 .
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab - Dewi didn't pu}{\f85 ll }{\b\f85 his}{\f85 \~hair.
\par \tab \tab Thynnodd Dewi }{\b\f85 mo'i}{\f85 \~gwallt }{\b\f85 (hi)}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab - Dewi didn't pull }{\b\f85 her}{\f85  hair.\tab \tab \tab \tab 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6660\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'i d}{\f85 ad }{\b\f85 (e).}{\f85 
\par \tab \tab - I didn't see }{\b\f85 his}{\f85  father.
\par \tab \tab Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'i th}{\f85 ad }{\b\f85 (hi)}{\f85 .
\par \tab \tab - I didn't see }{\b\f85 her}{\f85  father.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 4.}{\f85 \tab }{\f85\ul The last three possessives are the plurals }{\f85\ul\cchs0   }{\f85\ul - }{\f85\ul\cchs0   \lquote }{\b\f85\ul 
ein}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\b\f85\ul , }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul eich}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul  and }{\f85\ul\cchs0 \lquote }{\b\f85\ul eu}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{\f85\ul . There
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85\ul are no mutations after these.  We can abbreviate them }{\f85\ul\cchs0 after \lquote }{\b\f85\ul mo}{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote }{
\f85\ul .
\par }{\f85\ul\cchs0 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2268\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4040\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab \tab }{\b\f85 mo ein}{\b\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 \tab >\tab mo'n
\par \tab \tab \tab mo eich\tab >\tab mo'ch
\par \tab \tab \tab mo eu\tab }{\b\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\b\f85 >\tab mo'u
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4040\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\b\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\b\f85 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1276\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4040\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85 \tab \tab Welais ti }{\b\f85 mo'n}{\f85  car newydd (ni).
\par \tab \tab - You didn't see }{\b\f85 our}{\f85  new car.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab \tab Ffoniais i }{\b\f85 mo'ch}{\f85  tad (chi).
\par \tab \tab - I didn't telephone }{\b\f85 your}{\f85  father.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab \tab Ddarllenodd hi }{\b\f85 mo'u}{\f85  llythyr (nhw).
\par \tab \tab - She didn't read }{\b\f85 their}{\f85  letter.
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4040\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85 
\par 
\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx284\tx709\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4040\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85\cchs0 \tab 5.\tab }{\f85\ul\cchs0 Let\rquote s take a verb like \lquote }{\b\f85\ul\cchs0 gweld}{\f85\ul\cchs0 \rquote   (to see) }{\f85 

\par }\pard \ri-1080\widctlpar\tx720\tx1340\tx2340\tx2780\tx3060\tx3420\tx4040\tx4860\tx5400\tx6300\tx7020 {\f85 
\par }{\f85\ul 
\par }{\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab (a)\tab }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo Tom}{\f85 \~ddoe.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par 
\par }{\f85\cchs0 \tab \tab (b)\tab }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'r plant}{\f85  ddoe.
\par }{\f85\cchs0 
\par }{\f85 
\par \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab (c)}{\f85 \tab Welais i }{\b\f85 mo fy mam}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85  (i)}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\f85  ddoe.
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo dy fam}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85  (di)}{\f85  }{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 ddoe.
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 Welais 'i }{\b\f85 mo'i fam }{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85 (e)}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\f85  ddoe.
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'i mam}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85  (hi)}{\f85  }{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 ddoe.
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'n mam }{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85 (ni)}{\f85  }{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 ddoe.
\par \tab \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'ch mam}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85  (chi)}{\f85  }{\f85\cchs0  }{\f85 ddoe.
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1340\tx2268 {\f85 \tab }{\f85\cchs0 \tab  }{\f85 Welais i }{\b\f85 mo'u mam}{\b\f85\cchs0  }{\b\f85  (nhw}{\b\f85\cchs0 ) }{\f85  ddoe.}{\f85\cchs0 
\par 
\par 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1340\tx2268 {\f85\cchs0 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1340\tx2268 
\par }