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\s18\widctlpar \f4\fs20\lang2057 \sbasedon0\snext18 annotation text;}{\s19\widctlpar \f4\lang2057 \snext19 麻豆社Text;}{\s20\widctlpar \b\f5\lang2057 \sbasedon19\snext19 麻豆社Headings;}{\s21\widctlpar \f4\fs20\lang2057 \sbasedon19\snext21 麻豆社Footer;}}{\info
{\title Catchphrase 2001: Wythnos 43}{\author 麻豆社}{\operator 麻豆社}{\creatim\yr2001\mo3\dy8\hr14\min51}{\revtim\yr2001\mo3\dy12\hr15\min47}{\printim\yr2001\mo3\dy9\hr10\min4}{\version9}{\edmins113}{\nofpages4}{\nofwords2017}{\nofchars11501}{\*\company 麻豆社}
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{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \widctlpar \f4\lang2057 {\f5\fs32 Catchphrase 2001 Wythnos 43\line }{\f5\fs20 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\b\f5\fs20 Week 43, Monday.  Today' you'll learn:\line }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedoch chi, dweud wrth, rhaglen, esgusodwch fi, o\rquote r blaen, mwynhau, cipolwg\line }{\f5\fs20 \line }{\i\f5\fs20 Sut mae pethau? Sut mae eich treigladau chi?}{
\f5\fs20  - (how are your mutations?) Healthy, I hope. Just to make sure, though, let\rquote s go through the soft mutations.}{\i\f5\fs20  P}{\f5\fs20  is for }{\i\f5\fs20 Pensil: defnyddiais i bensil}{\f5\fs20  - (I used a pencil). }{\i\f5\fs20 T}{
\f5\fs20  for }{\i\f5\fs20 ty}{\f5\fs20 : }{\i\f5\fs20 prynais i dy}{\f5\fs20  - (I brought a house). }{\i\f5\fs20 C}{\f5\fs20  for }{\i\f5\fs20 cais}{\f5\fs20 : }{\i\f5\fs20 sgoriais i gais}{\f5\fs20  - (I scored a try). }{\i\f5\fs20 B}{\f5\fs20  }{
\i\f5\fs20 for banana: bwytais i fanana}{\f5\fs20  - (I ate a banana). }{\i\f5\fs20 D}{\f5\fs20  for }{\i\f5\fs20 Dillad: golchais i ddillad}{\f5\fs20  - (I washed some clothes). }{\i\f5\fs20 G}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 for gwaith}{\f5\fs20 : }{\i\f5\fs20 
gwnes i waith}{\f5\fs20  - (I did work). }{\i\f5\fs20 Ll}{\f5\fs20  for }{\i\f5\fs20 Llyfr: darllenais i lyfr}{\f5\fs20  - (I read a book). }{\i\f5\fs20 M}{\f5\fs20  for }{\i\f5\fs20 moddion: ces i foddion}{\f5\fs20  - (I had some medicine). }{\i\f5\fs20 
Rh}{\f5\fs20  for }{\i\f5\fs20 rhaglen: gwelais i raglen}{\f5\fs20  - (I saw a programme). I don\rquote t need to remind you, therefore, that you mutate the noun that follows the simple past tense. We\rquote ve had the verb }{\i\f5\fs20 dweud}{\f5\fs20 
 before - to say. To form the past, you add the endings onto the stem, which is just }{\i\f5\fs20 dwed}{\f5\fs20 : }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedais i }{\f5\fs20 - (I said). With the }{\i\f5\fs20 chi}{\f5\fs20  form, we usually say }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedoch chi}{\f5\fs20 
 - (you said). }{\i\f5\fs20 Ddwedoch chi ddim}{\f5\fs20  - (you didn\rquote t say anything).  When you say something TO someone, it\rquote s }{\i\f5\fs20 dweud WRTH rywun}{\f5\fs20 . }{\i\f5\fs20 Dwedais i}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 wrth Mam}{\f5\fs20 
 - (I told Mam). }{\i\f5\fs20 Esgusodwch fi}{\f5\fs20  is excuse me. }{\i\f5\fs20 O\rquote r blaen}{\f5\fs20  means before - in the sense of I\rquote ve heard that one before. }{\i\f5\fs20 Mwynhau }{\f5\fs20 means to enjoy oneself.}{\i\f5\fs20  \lquote 
Dyn ni\rquote n mwynhau}{\f5\fs20  - (we\rquote re enjoying ourselves). }{\i\f5\fs20 Cipolwg}{\f5\fs20  is a glance. Now for our }{\i\f5\fs20 cipolwg ar}{\f5\fs20  the Lloyd family. Catrin is at the old people\rquote s home.\line 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\b\f5\fs20 Listen to the conversation:\line }{\i\f5\fs20 Catrin - Esgusodwch fi, nyrs.\line Nyrs - Mrs Lloyd?\line Catrin - \lquote Dyn ni wedi penderfynu. \lquote Dyn ni eisiau tynnu Mr Lloyd allan o\rquote r cartref, mae arna i ofn.
\line Nyrs - Ddwedoch chi ddim byd o\rquote r blaen.\line Catrin - Naddo. Ond dydy e ddim yn mwynhau.\line Nyrs - Ydy, mae e: mae e\rquote n mwynhau\rquote n fawr. Ces i gipolwg arno fe gynnau fach.\line Catrin - Mrs Simpson, \lquote 
dyn ni ddim newydd benderfynu. Roedd hi\rquote n anodd penderfynu.\line Nyrs - Wel, o\rquote r gorau.\line Catrin - Dw i\rquote n mynd i ddweud wrth Wncl Elwyn. Ble mae e?\line Nyrs - Mae e yn yr ardd yn ysmygu.\line Catrin - Ysmygu?!\line Nyrs - Dydy
 e ddim yn ysmygu yn y ty.\line Catrin - Hy!}{\f5\fs20 \line \line }{\i\f5\fs20 Esgusodwch fi, nyrs}{\f5\fs20  - (excuse me nurse). }{\i\f5\fs20 \lquote Dyn ni eisiau tynnu Mr Lloyd allan o\rquote r cartref}{\f5\fs20 
 - (we want to pull Mr Lloyd out of the home). }{\i\f5\fs20 Ddwedoch chi ddim byd o\rquote r blaen}{\f5\fs20  - (you didn\rquote t say anything before). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dydy e ddim yn mwynhau}{\f5\fs20 , Catrin explains - he\rquote s not enjoying himself. }{
\i\f5\fs20 Ydy, mae e}{\f5\fs20  - (yes he is), the nurse protests. }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae e\rquote n mwynhau\rquote n fawr}{\f5\fs20  - (he\rquote s enjoying himself a lot). }{\i\f5\fs20 Ces i gipolwg arno fe gynnau fach}{\f5\fs20 
 - (I took a glance at him just now). But Catrin explains, }{\i\f5\fs20 \lquote dyn ni ddim NEWYDD benderfynu}{\f5\fs20  - (we haven\rquote t JUST decided). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dw i\rquote n mynd i ddwued wrth Wncl Elwyn}{\f5\fs20  - (I\rquote 
m going to tell Uncle Elwyn). 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1134 {\i\f5\fs20 Ble mae e?}{\f5\fs20  - (where is he?) }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae e yn yr ardd yn ysmygu}{\f5\fs20  - (he\rquote s in the garden smoking). Not what the doctor ordered! \line \line }{\b\f5\fs20 
Week 43, Dydd Mawrth.  Today, you'll learn:}{\f5\fs20  \line }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedais i, anghofiais i ddweud, dim fi\line }{\f5\fs20 \line  We've been using the verb }{\i\f5\fs20 dweud}{\f5\fs20  - (to say). In the past, it becomes }{\i\f5\fs20 dwed}{
\f5\fs20  plus the endings. }{\i\f5\fs20 Dwedais i}{\f5\fs20  - (I said). The rest of the verb in the past is: }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedaist ti}{\f5\fs20  - (you said), }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedodd e}{\f5\fs20  or }{\i\f5\fs20 dwedodd hi}{\f5\fs20  - (he or she said). }{
\i\f5\fs20 Dwedon ni}{\f5\fs20  - (we said). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dwedoch chi}{\f5\fs20  - (you said).}{\i\f5\fs20  Dwedon nhw}{\f5\fs20  - (they said). It\rquote s not only nouns that mutate after the simple past tense.  After }{\i\f5\fs20 beth}{\f5\fs20 
 - (what) }{\i\f5\fs20 dweud}{\f5\fs20  usually mutates in the past. }{\i\f5\fs20 Beth ddwedaist ti?}{\f5\fs20  - (what did you say?) }{\i\f5\fs20 Beth ddewedodd yr athro?}{\f5\fs20  - (what did the teacher say?) We've been  through examples like }{
\i\f5\fs20 anghofiais i gyfarfod}{\f5\fs20  - (I forgot a meeting). Verbs can mutate as well after the simple past. }{\i\f5\fs20 Anghofiais i ddweud wrth y bos}{\f5\fs20  - (I forgot to tell the boss) }{\i\f5\fs20 Cofiais i fynd at y}{\f5\fs20  }{
\i\f5\fs20 meddyg}{\f5\fs20  - (I remembered to go to the doctor\rquote s). Have you noticed how often we use the word it\rquote s in English? It\rquote s me! It\rquote s not your turn! If you\rquote 
re using an adjective, you can use a similar construction in Welsh. For example, }{\i\f5\fs20 mae\rquote n gymylog}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s cloudy). But if it\rquote s a person, or a thing, we tend to turn the sentence around. }{\i\f5\fs20 Fi sy \lquote 
ma}{\f5\fs20   - (t\rquote s me, it\rquote s me here). }{\i\f5\fs20 Cerdyn post ydy e}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s a post card). Sometimes it\rquote s better to leave the it\rquote s out altogether. }{\i\f5\fs20 Mam!}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s Mam!) The thing
 to remember is to reach for the noun - the person or the thing - first in Welsh. To make it negative, simply place the word }{\i\f5\fs20 dim}{\f5\fs20  first: }{\i\f5\fs20 dim}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 fi}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote 
s not me). Catrin is bringing Uncle Elwyn home from the cartref henoed.\line 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\b\f5\fs20 Listen to the conversation:\line }{\i\f5\fs20 Catrin - Dyma ni, te, Wncl Elwyn. Gartref.\line Elwyn - Ew, mae\rquote r ty wedi newid. Ble mae fy ystafell wely i?\line Catrin - Dim dy dy di, Wncl Elwyn. \lquote 
Dych chi wedi dod i fyw gyda ni.\line Elwyn - O... Ble mae fy sigarets i? Anghofiais i ddod \'e2 nhw gyda fi.\line Catrin - Nawr te, Wncl Elwyn. \lquote Dych chi ddim yn mynd i ysmygu yma. \lquote Dych chi\rquote n gwybod beth ddwedodd y meddyg.\line 
Elwyn - Catrin.\line Catrin - Beth?\line Elwyn - Mae hiraeth arna i am y cartref henoed.\line }{\f5\fs20 \line }{\i\f5\fs20 Dyma ni, Wncl Elwyn}{\f5\fs20  - (here we are, Uncle Elwyn). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gartref}{\f5\fs20 
 - (home). But Uncle Elwyn seems a bit confused. }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae\rquote r ty wedi newid}{\f5\fs20  - (the house has changed). }{\i\f5\fs20 Ble mae fy ystafell wely i}{\f5\fs20  - (where\rquote s my bedroom?) }{\i\f5\fs20 Dim dy dy di, Wncl Elwyn}{
\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s not your house, Uncle Elwyn). }{\i\f5\fs20 \lquote Dych chi wedi dod i fyw}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 gyda ni }{\f5\fs20 - (you\rquote ve come to live with us). Elwyn reaches for his little vice, but... }{\i\f5\fs20 
anghofiais i ddod a nhw}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 gyda fi}{\f5\fs20  - (I forgot to bring them). Remember you say come with something in Welsh to mean bring. }{\i\f5\fs20 Anghofiais i ddod \'e2 nhw gyda fi}{\f5\fs20 
 - (I forgot to bring them with me). Catrin is not impressed. }{\i\f5\fs20 \lquote Dych chi}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 ddim yn mynd i ysmygu yma}{\f5\fs20  - (you\rquote re not going to smoke here).}{\i\f5\fs20  \lquote Dych chi\rquote 
n gwybod beth ddwedodd y}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 meddyg}{\f5\fs20  - (you know what the doctor said). Elwyn is beginning to have second thoughts: }{\i\f5\fs20 mae hiraeth}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 arna i am y cartref henoed}{\f5\fs20  - (I\rquote 
m missing the old people\rquote s home). \line \line }{\b\f5\fs20 Week 43, Wednesday.  Today, you'll learn:}{\f5\fs20  \line }{\i\f5\fs20 gadael\line }{\f5\fs20 \line }{\i\f5\fs20 Gadael}{\f5\fs20  is the Welsh verb to leave. It\rquote 
s irregular in the past. You remove the }{\i\f5\fs20 ael}{\f5\fs20  and replace it with }{\i\f5\fs20 aw}{\f5\fs20 . So }{\i\f5\fs20 gadawais i}{\f5\fs20  is I left.}{\i\f5\fs20  Gadawaist ti}{\f5\fs20  - (you left). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gadawodd e}{\f5\fs20  or }
{\i\f5\fs20 gadawodd hi}{\f5\fs20  - (he or she left). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gadawon ni}{\f5\fs20  - (we left). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gadawoch chi}{\f5\fs20  - (you left). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gadawon nhw}{\f5\fs20  - (they left). While we\rquote re at it, let\rquote 
s remind ourselves of the past tense of the irregular verb}{\i\f5\fs20  gweld}{\f5\fs20  - (to see). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gwelais i}{\f5\fs20  - (I saw). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gwelaist ti}{\f5\fs20  - (you saw). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gwelodd e}{\f5\fs20  or }{\i\f5\fs20 gwelodd hi
}{\f5\fs20  - (he or she saw). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gwelon ni}{\f5\fs20  - (we saw). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gweloch chi }{\f5\fs20 - (you saw). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gwelon nhw}{\f5\fs20  - (they saw). Some new vocabulary. I\rquote m sure you will have seen the word }{\i\f5\fs20 
tref}{\f5\fs20  on lots of road signs. It means town.  It\rquote s a feminine word, so }{\i\f5\fs20 y dre}{\f5\fs20  is the town. }{\i\f5\fs20 Canol y dre}{\f5\fs20  - (the town centre). If you want to say in town you still use y in Welsh - }{\i\f5\fs20 
ro\rquote n i yn y dref}{\f5\fs20  - (I was in town).  Now, I wonder how Uncle Elwyn\rquote s settling down to living with the Lloyd family, I wonder?\line \line }{\b\f5\fs20 Listen to the conversation:
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1134 {\i\f5\fs20 Rhys - Mam, Dad. Prynais i lyfr newydd yn y dre ddoe. Dw i ddim yn gwybod ble mae e.\line Catrin - Edrychaist ti yn dy stafell di?\line Rhys - Do. Gadawais i fe yn y lolfa, dw i\rquote n meddwl.\line 
Catrin - Welais i ddim llyfr yn y lolfa. Wyt ti\rquote n gwybod, Guto?\line Guto - Nac ydw. Ond, wedi/erbyn meddwl, gwelais i rywbeth ar fwrdd y lolfa...\line Rhys - O ie, bwrdd y lolfa. \line Catrin - Ydy e yno?\line 
Rhys - Ydy. Mae Wncl Elwyn wedi rhoi ei goffi arno fe!\line }{\f5\fs20 \line Not too well, by the sounds of it. Rhys says, }{\i\f5\fs20 prynais i lyfr newydd yn y dre ddoe}{\f5\fs20  - (I bought a new book in town yesterday). }{\i\f5\fs20 
Dw i ddim yn gwybod ble mae e}{\f5\fs20  - (I don\rquote t know where it is). }{\i\f5\fs20 Edrychaist ti yn dy stafell di}{\f5\fs20  - (did you look in your bedroom?) }{\i\f5\fs20 Do}{\f5\fs20  - (yes). }{\i\f5\fs20 Gadawais i fe yn y lolfa}{\f5\fs20 
 - (I left it in the living room). }{\i\f5\fs20 Welais i ddim llyfr yn y lolfa}{\f5\fs20  - (I didn\rquote t see a book in the living room). Guto doesn\rquote t seem to know anything about it. }{\i\f5\fs20 
Ond, wedi/erbyn meddwl, gwelais i rywbeth ar fwrdd y lolfa}{\f5\fs20   - (on second thoughts, though, I saw something on the living room table).}{\i\f5\fs20  Ydy e yno}{\f5\fs20 ? - (is it there?) Catrin asks. }{\i\f5\fs20 Ydy. Mae}{\f5\fs20  }{
\i\f5\fs20 Wncl Elwyn wedi rhoi ei goffi arno fe}{\f5\fs20  - (Uncle Elwyn has put his coffee on it). \line \line }{\b\f5\fs20 Week 43, Thursday.  Today, you'll learn:}{\f5\fs20 \line }{\i\f5\fs20 
pum munud ar hugain, pump ar hugain, unarddeg, bryd hynny, dyddiadur\line }{\f5\fs20 \line We\rquote 
ve been through the numbers quite a few times, so you should be beginning to feel fairly secure with them now. If you listen to a lot of Welsh, you may be aware that there is a more traditional method of counting, which is commonly used for example in
 telling the time. All the numbers from one to ten are thankfully the same. But }{\i\f5\fs20 dau ddeg}{\f5\fs20  - (twenty) - becomes }{\i\f5\fs20 ugain}{\f5\fs20  - (twenty). }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae\rquote n ugain munud wedi}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 pump}{
\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s twenty past five). }{\i\f5\fs20 Pump ar hugain}{\f5\fs20  is twenty-five in this system: literally, five on twenty. To say twenty-five past, you have to say: }{\i\f5\fs20 pum munud ar hugain wedi}{\f5\fs20 . }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae
\rquote n bum munud ar hugain wedi}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 deg}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s twenty-five past ten). }{\i\f5\fs20 Roedd hi\rquote n bum munud ar hugain i bedwar}{\f5\fs20  - (it was twenty-five to four). The word for eleven is }{\i\f5\fs20 
un ar ddeg}{\f5\fs20  - literally, one-on-ten. }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae\rquote n chwarter i un ar ddeg}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s a quarter to eleven). So, remember }{\i\f5\fs20 pum munud ar hugain}{\f5\fs20  - (twenty five minutes) and }{\i\f5\fs20 un ar ddeg}{
\f5\fs20  - (eleven). Two pieces of vocabulary: }{\i\f5\fs20 bryd hynny}{\f5\fs20  it means then, or at that time, to be differentiated from }{\i\f5\fs20 wedyn}{\f5\fs20  which means then in the sense of next. }{\i\f5\fs20 Wedyn, aeth e i\rquote r siop}{
\f5\fs20  - (then he went to the shop)}{\i\f5\fs20 . Doedd hi ddim yn gallu nofio bryd hynny}{\f5\fs20  - (she couldn\rquote t swim then).}{\i\f5\fs20  Dyddiadur}{\f5\fs20  is a diary. Guto and Bethan are in the office.
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1134 {\f5\fs20 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\b\f5\fs20 Listen to the conversation:\line }{\i\f5\fs20 Guto - Mae diwrnod prysur iawn gyda fi heddiw.\line Bethan - Wel, does dim byd gyda fi yn y dyddiadur.\line Guto - Am bum munud wedi deg, dw i\rquote n gorfod ffonio\rquote 
r garej.\line Bethan - Pam?\line Guto - Maen nhw\rquote n trwsio\rquote r car.\line Bethan - Hm.\line Guto - Wedyn, am bum munud ar hugain i un ar ddeg dw i\rquote n gorfod mynd allan.\line Bethan - Dim y ceffylau?\line Guto - Mae bet da gyda fi.\line 
Bethan - Wel, mae\rquote n ddrwg \lquote da fi, Guto. Dwyt ti ddim yn gallu mynd allan bryd hynny.\line Guto - Pam?\line Bethan - Rwyt ti\rquote n gorfod gweld y bos, dyna pam.\line }{\f5\fs20 \line }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae diwrnod prysur iawn gyda fi heddiw}{
\f5\fs20  - (I\rquote ve got a very busy day today), Guto says. Bethan looks in the diary to see what he\rquote s up to. }{\i\f5\fs20 Does dim byd gyda fi yn y dyddiadur}{\f5\fs20  - (I haven\rquote t got anything in the diary). }{\i\f5\fs20 
Am bum munud wedi deg}{\f5\fs20  - (at five past ten) - }{\i\f5\fs20 dw i\rquote n gorfod ffonio\rquote r garej}{\f5\fs20  - (I\rquote ve got to phone the garage). }{\i\f5\fs20 Pam? Maen nhw\rquote n trwsio\rquote r car}{\f5\fs20  - (they\rquote 
re mending the car). That doesn\rquote t sound a very work-related task! }{\i\f5\fs20 Wedyn, am bum munud ar hugain i un ar ddeg}{\f5\fs20  - (then, at twenty-five to eleven) }{\i\f5\fs20 - am bum munud ar hugain i un ar ddeg dw i\rquote 
n gorfod mynd allan}{\f5\fs20 . (I\rquote ve got to go out). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dim y ceffylau?}{\f5\fs20  - (it\rquote s not the horses is it?) }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae bet da gyda fi}{\f5\fs20  - (I\rquote ve got a good bet). Bethan has bad news for Guto. }{
\i\f5\fs20 Mae\rquote n ddrwg \lquote da fi}{\f5\fs20  - (I\rquote m sorry). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dwyt ti ddim yn gallu mynd allan bryd hynny}{\f5\fs20  - (you can\rquote t go out then). }{\i\f5\fs20 Rwyt ti\rquote n gorfod gweld y bos}{\f5\fs20  - (you\rquote 
ve got to see the boss). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dyna pam}{\f5\fs20  - (that\rquote s why). \line \line }{\b\f5\fs20 Week 43, Friday.  Today, you'll learn:}{\f5\fs20  \line }{\i\f5\fs20 plat, pwrpasol, chwyrnu, dod i arfer ag e, tywallt, carped\line }{\f5\fs20 
\line The soft mutation is often used with expressions of time.}{\i\f5\fs20  Dydd Mawrth}{\f5\fs20  means Tuesday, but you would say,}{\i\f5\fs20  gwelais i hi ar ddydd Mawrth}{\f5\fs20  - (I saw her on Tuesday), or just miss the }{\i\f5\fs20 ar}{
\f5\fs20  out: }{\i\f5\fs20 gwelais i hi ddydd}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 Mawrth}{\f5\fs20  - (I saw her Tuesday). We\rquote ve had other examples of this phenomenon. The phrase }{\i\f5\fs20 bryd hynny}{\f5\fs20  actually comes from }{\i\f5\fs20 pryd hynny}{
\f5\fs20 . }{\i\f5\fs20 Pryd}{\f5\fs20  means time, so pryd hynny means that time. }{\i\f5\fs20 Bryd hynny}{\f5\fs20 
 is, literally, at that time, or then. Remember the past negative of verbs beginning in T, C or P needs the TCP mutation - that is, T goes to TH, C goes to CH and P goes to PH. }{\i\f5\fs20 Talu}{\f5\fs20  - (to pay): }{\i\f5\fs20 thalais i ddim}{
\f5\fs20  - (I didn\rquote t pay). }{\i\f5\fs20 Prynu}{\f5\fs20  - (to buy): }{\i\f5\fs20 phrynon nhw ddim byd}{\f5\fs20  - (they didn\rquote t by anything). }{\i\f5\fs20 Colli }{\f5\fs20 - (to lose): }{\i\f5\fs20 chollon ni ddim un g\'eam}{\f5\fs20 
 - (we didn\rquote t lose one match). Some new words: }{\i\f5\fs20 yn bwrpasol}{\f5\fs20  means on purpose. }{\i\f5\fs20 Gwnaethon ni fe yn bwrpasol}{\f5\fs20  - (we did it on purpose). }{\i\f5\fs20 Plat }{\f5\fs20 is the word for plate. }{\i\f5\fs20 
Mae cacen ar y plat}{\f5\fs20  - (there\rquote s a cake on the plate). }{\i\f5\fs20 Chwyrnu}{\f5\fs20  means to snore. }{\i\f5\fs20 Roedd e\rquote n chwyrnu trwy\rquote r amser}{\f5\fs20  - (he used to snore all the time). }{\i\f5\fs20 Tywallt}{\f5\fs20 
 is to pour - }{\i\f5\fs20 tywalltodd hi\rquote r llaeth}{\f5\fs20  - (she poured the milk). }{\i\f5\fs20 Dod i arfer \'e2}{\f5\fs20  means to get used to - }{\i\f5\fs20 Dw i ddim wedi dod i arfer ag e}{\f5\fs20  - (I haven\rquote t got used to it). }{
\i\f5\fs20 Carped}{\f5\fs20  is, not surprsingly, the word for carpe\rquote . 
\par }\pard \widctlpar {\f5\fs20 
\par }{\b\f5\fs20 Listen to the conversation:
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1134 {\i\f5\fs20 Rhys - Mam, mae Wncl Elwyn wedi torri un o fy CDs eto.\line Catrin - Eto?\line Rhys - Ie. Torrodd e un ddydd Llun, hefyd.\line Catrin - Sut?\line Rhys - Mae e\rquote n eistedd arnyn nhw!\line Catrin - Wel, dydy e ddi
m yn gwneud yn bwrpasol.\line Guto - Torrodd e blat ddoe.\line Catrin - Wel, mae e\rquote n hen.\line Guto - Chysgais i ddim neithiwr. Roedd e\rquote n chwyrnu.\line Catrin - Guto - does dim cywilydd arnat ti? Mae Wncl Elwyn yn hen ac yn dost. 
Mae e wedi dod i fyw gyda ni. Rhaid dod i arfer ag e.\line Rhys - Mam, mae Wncl Elwyn wedi tywallt ei goffi ar y carped!\line Catrin - Beth! O!...\line }{\f5\fs20 \line }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae Wncl Elwyn wedi torri un o fy CDs eto}{\f5\fs20 , Rhys complains - (
Uncle Elwyn has broken one of my CDs again). }{\i\f5\fs20 Eto?}{\f5\fs20  Catrin asks.}{\i\f5\fs20  Ie}{\f5\fs20 . }{\i\f5\fs20 Torrodd e un ddydd Llun, hefyd}{\f5\fs20  - (Yes. He broke one on Monday, as well). }{\i\f5\fs20 Sut?}{\f5\fs20  - How? }{
\i\f5\fs20 Mae e\rquote n eistedd arnyn nhw}{\f5\fs20  - (he sits on them). Catrin sticks up for Uncle Elwyn: }{\i\f5\fs20 dydy e}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 ddim yn gwneud yn bwrpasol}{\f5\fs20  - (he doesn\rquote t do it on purpose). But Guto 
pitches in as well. }{\i\f5\fs20 Torrodd e}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 blat ddoe}{\f5\fs20  - (he broke a plate yesterday). }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae e\rquote n hen}{\f5\fs20 , Catrin explains - he\rquote s old. }{\i\f5\fs20 Chysgais i ddim}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 
neithiwr}{\f5\fs20  - (I didn\rquote t sleep last night), Guto complains, }{\i\f5\fs20 roedd e\rquote n chwyrnu}{\f5\fs20  - (he was snoring). }{\i\f5\fs20 Does dim}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 cywilydd arnat ti?}{\f5\fs20  - (aren\rquote 
t you ashamed of yourself), Catrin asks Guto. }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae Wncl Elwyn yn hen ac yn}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 dost }{\f5\fs20 - (Uncle Elwyn is old and ill). }{\i\f5\fs20 Mae e wedi dod i fyw gyda ni}{\f5\fs20  - (he\rquote s come to live with us). }{
\i\f5\fs20 Rhaid dod}{\f5\fs20  }{\i\f5\fs20 i arfer ag e}{\f5\fs20  - (we\rquote ve got to get used to him). Catrin\rquote s attitude changes, however when she hears Rhys exclaim: }{\i\f5\fs20 mae e wedi tywallt ei goffi ar y carped}{\f5\fs20  - (he
\rquote s poured his coffee on the carpet).\line 
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx1134 {\b\f5\fs20 Test yourself on what you've learned this week:
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx567 {\f5\fs20 1.\tab I brought a house is?
\par a)\tab Prynais i dy
\par b)\tab Brynais i dy
\par c)\tab Prynais i ty
\par 
\par 2.\tab I saw a programme is?
\par a)\tab Edrychais i ar rhaglen
\par b)\tab Gwelais i raglen
\par c)\tab Gwelais i'r rhaglen
\par 
\par 3.\tab They said is?
\par a)\tab Dwedaist ti
\par b)\tab Dwedon ni
\par c)\tab Dwedon nhw
\par 
\par 4.\tab How do you say she left?
\par a)\tab Gadawon nhw
\par b)\tab Gadawodd hi
\par c)\tab Gadawoch chi
\par 
\par 5.\tab Twenty five past is?
\par a)\tab Chwarter i pump
\par b)\tab Pum munud ar hugain i chwech
\par c)\tab Pum munud ar hugain wedi
\par 
\par 6.\tab Tuesday is?
\par a)\tab Dydd Mercher
\par b)\tab Dydd Mawrth
\par c)\tab Dydd Iau
\par }\pard \widctlpar\tx567 {\f5\fs20 
\par }}