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An Fháinleog Caibidil 1

ailt01/03/2011

Is leor nod don eolach (A word to the wise is sufficient.)

Weather

1. Turadh
The word ‘turadh’ comes from the adjective tur which means ‘dry’, as well as ‘boring’, ‘dull’. Arán tur is dry bread; cruinniú tur is a boring meeting. Specifically, turadh means that the rain has stopped. In Ireland there is always an expectation of more rain.

Examples
Tá sé ina thuradh – The rain has stopped
Tá turadh ann – We’re having a dry spell
You can also say - Tá sé ag déanamh turaidh
I bhfad ag cur agus i bhfad ina thuradh – long foul and long fair (proverbial idiom)

2. Fearthainn
Fearthainn- rain

Examples
Tá fearthainn ann – It is raining (literally, ‘there is rain in it’)
Ní raibh fearthainn againn le tamall – We haven’t had rain for a while
Tá fearthainn ag titim – Rain is falling
Níl aon fhearthainn ag titim – No rain is falling

Note: Fearthainn is a feminine noun, so ‘the rain’ is an fhearthainn, ‘heavy rain’ is ‘fearthainn throm. It forms its genitive by adding an –e: braonta fearthainne / deora fearthainne – drops of rain

3. Grian
Grian = sun

Examples
Tá an ghrian sa spéir – The sun is in the sky
ag déanamh bolg le grian (also ok: bolg le gréin) – sunbathing
ag adhradh na gréine – worshiping the sun

Grianmhar – ‘sunny’ is an adjective created from the word grian

The rare phenomenon of a hot sunny day is celebrated by a whole set of over-the-top metaphors:
Tá an ghrian ag scoilteadh na gcloch – The sun is splitting the stones
Tá an ghrian ag scoilteadh na gcarraigeacha – The sun is splitting the rocks
Tá an ghrian ag scoilteadh na gcrann – The sun is splitting the trees

Note: Grian is also a feminine noun, hence an ghrian – the sun, and it also forms its genitive by adding an –e. Note the change in the vowels: an ghrian > na gréine. This is because there are two different ‘n’ sounds. In an ghrian, the ‘n’ sound is what is known in Irish as a broad consonant (as in ‘man’), while in na gréine it is slender (as in ‘senior’). All consonants in Irish have both broad and slender sounds. The letters ‘i’ and ‘e’ make a consonant slender, while the other vowels make it broad. See if you spot other examples in Dónal’s story.

If you are attentive you will already have noticed that, when a consonant is between two vowels, those on either side are both – generally – either broad or slender. This rule goes back for hundreds of years, and is known as caol le caol agus leathan le leathan – broad with broad and slender with slender.
Click for a diversion!

4. Arú inné / ²¹³¾Ã¡°ù²¹³¦³ó
±õ²Ô²Ô’ means ‘yesterday’ and ²¹³¾Ã¡°ù²¹³¦³ó means ‘tomorrow’. You can add an extra day by adding the word ²¹°ùú to either of these:

²¹°ùú inné – the day before yesterday
²¹°ùú ²¹³¾Ã¡°ù²¹³¦³ó – the day after tomorrow
also:
²¹°ùé¾±°ù – last night
²¹°ùú ²¹°ùé¾±°ù – the night before last

Note: There is a phrase in Hiberno-English, ‘ere yesterday’ which means the same as ‘²¹°ùú inné’. In Donegal the word ²¹²Ôó¾±°ù³Ù³ó±ð²¹°ù is used more often than ²¹°ùú ²¹³¾Ã¡°ù²¹³¦³ó.

5. Other phrases on the weather
Tá sé ag cur – It is raining
Tá sé ag cur fearthainne – It is raining
Tá sé ag cur báistí – It is raining (heavily)
Tá sé ag cur sneachta – It is snowing
Tá sé ag cur clochshneachta – It is raining hailstones

Note: The above are examples of idioms relating to the weather, using the verb cuir.

6. Advanced phrases
Tá ceobrán/ceobhrán ann – there is a light drizzle / mist (from ‘c±ð´Ç’ – mist, and ‘b°ù²¹´Ç²Ô’ – drop)
Tá fearthainn air – It’s going to rain (as opposed to ‘Tá fearthainn ann’ – It’s raining)
Tá sé ag cur de dhíon is de dheoir – It’s pouring rain
Tá sé ag stealladh anuas – It’s pelting down
Tá sé ag taomadh fearthainne – It’s teeming rain
Rinne sé balc throm – it was a total downpour (even more intense than the others)
Chuir sé an »åí±ô±ð – The rain was torrential (»åí±ô±ð is the Biblical Flood)
Tá an fhearthainn ag baint toite as an talamh – the rain is making the ground ‘smoke’
Tá sé ina ±ôí²úí²Ô bháite – he’s soaked to the skin (a ±ôí²úí²Ô is a small fish)
Níl acmhainn agam ar an fhuacht – I’m cold-rife (cannot bear the cold)
Tá mé conáilte – I’m perished with the cold
Tá mé fleaite – I’m perished with the cold
Bhainfeadh sé an fhéasóg den chat – (it’s so cold) it would freeze the whiskers off a cat
Lá marbhánta – a sultry day